DC Generator VS Syncrhonous Generator

Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa jenereta ya DC ndi jenereta yolumikizira kumatha kumveka kuchokera ku mayina awo, jenereta ya DC imapereka Direct Current(DC) ndi Synchronous Generator imapereka Alternating Current(AC).

Kodi jenereta ndi chiyani?

Jenereta ndi chipangizo chopangidwa ndi ma electro-mechanical chomwe chimasintha Mechanical Energy kukhala Mphamvu yamagetsi.

Kodi mfundo ya jenereta ?

EMF imapangitsidwa mu conductor yomwe imadula maginito flux.Lamulo la Faraday la induction.

Malinga ndi mfundo iyi, munthu amafunikira kuti apange magetsi:

Mphamvu ya maginito.

Kondakitala woyikidwa mkati mwamunda.

Njira yopangira liwiro lapakati pakati pa ziwirizi.

Njira yochotsera magetsi kuchokera ku kondakitala.

Jenereta ya DC, monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, imapanga magetsi a DC.Pachifukwa ichi, gawoli limakhala lokhazikika.Munda wokhotakhota pamodzi ndi mizati yomwe munda wokhotakhota umavulazidwa ndi goli, chimango chakunja cha makina, chomwe mizatiyo imalumikizana imatchedwa stator.Mkati mwa stator pali zida zomwe zimapangidwa ndi zida zapakati ndi zida zankhondo, zomwe zimatchedwa rotor.

Pamene rotor ikuzunguliridwa ndi njira zina zakunja, koyilo ya armature imadula maginito opangidwa ndi stator.Magetsi opangidwa motero amachotsedwa ndi dint of slip mphete ndi copper kapena carbon brush.Magetsi opangidwa si DC poyambirira, ndi gawo limodzi la AC.

Pogwiritsa ntchito commutator iyi bidirectional AC imasinthidwa kukhala unidirectional AC.Izi ndi za unidirectional koma osati DC chabe.

Kutengera momwe dera lamunda limakonzedwera ma jenereta a DC ali amitundu iwiri:

Payokha okondwa: mundawo umalimbikitsidwa ndi gwero lakunja la DC.

Self Excited: gawo lina la EMF lopangidwa limagwiritsidwa ntchito kupatsa mphamvu gawo lamunda.Apa maginito otsalira amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga magetsi oyamba.Pali mitundu ya 3 yamajenereta odzisangalatsa a DC:

Shunt Jenereta- Munda uli mu shunt ndi zida.

Series Generator- Munda uli pamndandanda wokhala ndi zida.

Compound Jenereta- Ndi kuphatikiza kwamitundu yonse komanso makina a shunt.

Jenereta yolumikizana- imagwira ntchito mofananamo koma imapanga 3-gawo AC.Palinso kusiyana kwina kofunikira, ngati jenereta ya DC imangoyima, koma ngati gawo la jenereta la synchronous likuzungulira ndipo zida zimangoyima.Stator ndi nyumba yokhotakhota 3-gawo.Ma voltages opangidwa mu ma windings awa ndi madigiri 120 mosiyana ndi mzake mu gawo.Majenereta a Synchronous ndi makina amphamvu kwambiri.

Ubwino wa zida zoyima ndikuti, zimachotsa mphete ndi maburashi pazomwe zimachitika, magetsi amatha kuchotsedwa mwachindunji kuchokera kumalo opangira zida zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ntchitoyi ikhale yothandiza kwambiri pochepetsa kulumikizidwa.Dera lakumunda limakondwera ndi dera la brushless exciter lomwe limayikidwa pa rotor shaft.

Ndi jenereta yaying'ono ya AC yomwe zida zake zimayikidwa pa shaft ya rotor ndipo gawolo limakhala loyima.Munda wa exciter kukhala stationary umaperekedwa ndi kunja dc.Ndi kuzungulira kwa rotor, 3-phase ac yopangidwa yomwe imasinthidwa kukhala dc pogwiritsa ntchito 3-phase rectifier imayikidwanso pa rotor.DC iyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kupatsa mphamvu gawo lalikulu.

Rotor imazunguliridwa pogwiritsa ntchito makina oyendetsa omwe amatha kukhala amitundu yambiri, mwachitsanzo: turbine ya nthunzi, turbine yamadzi, turbine yamphepo, injini ndi zina.

Za jenereta ya dizilo , zonse zili ndi jenereta ya AC.Tikukhulupirira kuti zomwe zili pamwambapa ndizothandiza kuti muphunzire za ma jenereta.