Chiyambi cha Mfundo Yamajenereta a Dizilo

Vavu yayikulu ya turbine ikatsekedwa, turbogenerator yolumikizidwa ndi gululi imagwira ntchito ngati injini yolumikizana, imatenga mphamvu yogwira ntchito ndikukokera makinawo kuti azungulire, motero imatulutsa mphamvu yogwira ntchito.Chifukwa valavu yaikulu ya turbine nthunzi yatsekedwa, tsamba la turbine turbine mchira ndi kugwedezeka kwa nthunzi yotsalira, kupanga kuwonongeka kwa kuphulika, kuwonongeka kwa kutentha pambuyo pogwira ntchito kwa nthawi yaitali.Ma turbines a gasi ndi madzi amawononganso makina oyambira. Jenereta reverse mphamvu chitetezo makamaka kuteteza turbine kuwonongeka.

Makhazikitsidwe achitetezo champhamvu cha turbine chosinthira mphamvu ndikuzindikira mphamvu yachitetezo Pdz ndikuchedwa kuchitapo kanthu T.

1, Mphamvu ya ntchito ya n'zosiyana mphamvu chitetezo cha turbogenerator akhoza kuwerengeredwa motere: Pdz = (krel * P1)/ηPdz- mphamvu ntchito ya n'zosiyana mphamvu chitetezo krel- kudalirika koyenera, kutenga 0.8 P1- mphamvu ankadya ndi turbine kusunga liwiro synchronous pambuyo valavu chachikulu chatsekedwa, Zimakhudzana ndi kapangidwe ndi mphamvu ya turbine nthunzi.Zimagwirizananso ndi mapangidwe a makina akuluakulu a nthunzi ya turbine jenereta (mapangidwe a mapaipi komanso ngati pali mapaipi odutsa, etc.).Nthawi zonse, mphamvu zovoteledwa η za 1.5 ~ 2% (mwachangu pamene jenereta imayendetsa jenereta ya turbine kuti izungulire) ndi 0.98~0.99, kotero :PDZ∑(1.2 ~ 1.6%) PN - mphamvu yovotera ya jenereta.Ndipotu, Pdz = 1-1.5% PN ndi yabwino.

2, Kuchedwa kuchitapo kanthu .Kuchedwa kwa ntchito kwa jenereta kutetezedwa kwa mphamvu kumayenera kukhazikitsidwa molingana ndi nthawi yovomerezeka ya valavu yayikulu yotseka ya jenereta ya turbine.Nthawi yovomerezeka ndi 10 ~ 15 mphindi.Mawerengedwe ndi machitidwe ogwirira ntchito akuwonetsa kuti makina a turbine akakhala ndi chitoliro cholambalala, nthawi yovomerezeka ndiyotalikirapo.Chifukwa chake, ngati kuchedwa kwachitetezo kumakhazikitsidwa molingana ndi nthawi yololedwa yothamanga pambuyo poti valavu yayikulu ya turbine ya nthunzi yatsekedwa, 5 ~ 10 mphindi zitha kutengedwa.Pambuyo pakuchita, imagwiritsidwa ntchito ku demagnetization.

Kuphatikiza apo, ma turbogenerator ambiri omwe amagwira ntchito amagwiritsa ntchito chitetezo chakumbuyo kuti ayambitse maulendo oyenda.Panthawiyi, nthawi yochitapo kanthu nthawi zambiri imatenga 1 mpaka 2s.Pachitetezo chamagetsi chosinthika, chifukwa cha nthawi yayitali yogwira ntchito, mphamvu yeniyeni yosinthira ikhoza kukhala yaying'ono chifukwa cha inertia ya turbine ya nthunzi ndi jenereta pakangopita nthawi yochepa valavu yayikulu itatsekedwa, kotero mtengo wokhazikika wa mphamvu yosinthira uyenera osaposa 1% PN.

Wopanga ma jenereta mawu oyamba

Pamene jenereta ali ndi n'zosiyana mphamvu (kunja mphamvu malo kwa jenereta, mwachitsanzo jenereta amakhala galimoto), n'zosiyana mphamvu amateteza kanthu dera wosweka kuti asagwe.Magetsi a magawo atatu ndi ma sign apano a magawo awiri ayenera kusonkhanitsidwa.

Chifukwa cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mphamvu zoyambira, ma jenereta osiyanasiyana amatha kupangidwa.Ma hydrogenerator amatha kupangidwa kuchokera kumadzi ndi ma turbines.Chifukwa cha mphamvu zosiyanasiyana zosungiramo madzi ndi dontho, ma hydro-generator okhala ndi mphamvu zosiyanasiyana komanso liwiro amatha kupangidwa.Pogwiritsa ntchito malasha, mafuta ndi zinthu zina, ndi ma boilers ndi ma injini a turbo-steam, ma jenereta opangira nthunzi amatha kupangidwa, makamaka ma mota othamanga kwambiri (3000rpm).Palinso ma jenereta omwe amagwiritsa ntchito solar, mphepo, atomiki, geothermal, tidal ndi bioenergy.Kuphatikiza apo, chifukwa cha mfundo zosiyanasiyana zogwirira ntchito za ma jenereta, amagawidwa kukhala majenereta a DC, majenereta asynchronous ndi majenereta ofananira.Majenereta akuluakulu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi majenereta a synchronous.