Intshayelelo kuMgaqo weeGenereyitha zeDizili

Emva kokuba ivalve engundoqo ye-iturbine ivaliwe, i-turbogenerator edityaniswe ngegridi isebenza njengenjini ehambelanayo, ifunxa amandla asebenzayo kwaye irhuqa i-iturbine ukuze ijikeleze, ngaloo ndlela ivelisa amandla asebenzayo kwisixokelelwano.Ngenxa yokuba ivalve engundoqo yeinjini yomphunga ivaliwe, iblade yomsila weijini yomphunga kunye nentsalela yokukhuhlana komphunga, yenze umonakalo wogqabhuko-dubulo, ubushushu obugqithisileyo emva kokusebenza ixesha elide.Iiinjini zegesi kunye namanzi nazo ziyonakalisa kakhulu i-prime mover. Ijenereyitha ukubuyisela umva ukhuseleko lwamandla ikakhulu lukhusela iturbine kumonakalo.

Ukusetwa kwe turbine yomphunga ukhuseleko lwamandla aguqukileyo kukumisela amandla entshukumo yokhuseleko Pdz kunye nokulibaziseka kwentshukumo T.

1, Amandla okusebenza kokhuseleko lwamandla abuyela umva we-turbogenerator ingabalwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: Pdz =(krel * P1)/ηPdz- amandla okusebenza kokhuseleko lwamandla abuyela umva krel- ukuthembeka komlinganiso, thatha i-0.8 P1- amandla asetyenziswa i-injini yomoya ukugcina isantya se-synchronous emva kokuba ivalve engundoqo ivaliwe, Inxulumene nesakhiwo kunye nomthamo we-injini yomphunga.Ikwanxulumene nesakhiwo senkqubo ephambili yomphunga wejenereyitha ye-turbine (isakhiwo sombhobho kunye nokuba kukho imibhobho yokudlula, njl.).Phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo, amandla alinganisiweyo η we-1.5 ~ 2% (ukusebenza kakuhle xa ijenereyitha iqhuba ijenereyitha ye turbine ukuba ijikeleze) ngu-0.98~0.99, ngoko :PDZ∑(1.2 ~ 1.6%) PN - amandla alinganisiweyo ejeneretha.Enyanisweni, i-Pdz = 1-1.5% i-PN ingcono.

2, Ukulibaziseka kwesenzo .Ukulibaziseka kwesenzo sokhuselo lwamandla ejenereyitha kufuneka lumiselwe ngokwexesha elivumelekileyo lokubaleka levalvu engundoqo yokuvala ijenereyitha yeinjini yomoya.Ixesha elivumelekileyo ngokuqhelekileyo li-10 ~ 15 imizuzu.Ukubala kunye nokusebenza kubonisa ukuba xa inkqubo ye-injini ye-steam inombhobho wokudlula, ixesha elivumelekileyo lokugijima lide.Ngoko ke, ukuba ukulibaziseka kwesenzo sokukhusela kumiselwe ngokwexesha elivumelekileyo lokugijima emva kokuba ivalve engundoqo ye-injini yomphunga ivaliwe, i-5 ~ 10 imizuzu ingathathwa.Emva kwesenzo, isetyenziswa kwi-demagnetization.

Ukongeza, uninzi lwee-turbogenerators ezinkulu ezisebenzayo zisebenzisa ukhuseleko lwamandla umva ukuqalisa iisekethe zohambo ezicwangcisiweyo.Ngeli xesha, ixesha lesenzo lidla ngokuthatha i-1 ukuya kwi-2.Kukhuseleko lwamandla olucwangcisiweyo, ngenxa yexesha elifutshane lokusebenza, awona mandla aguqukileyo anokuba mancinci ngenxa ye-inertia ye-injini yomphunga kunye nejenereyitha ngexesha elifutshane emva kokuba ivalve engundoqo ivaliwe, ngoko ixabiso elimiselweyo lamandla aguqukileyo ingabi nkulu kune-1% PN.

Umenzi wejenereyitha umgaqo-ntshayelelo

Xa ijenereyitha inamandla abuyela umva (amanqaku ombane angaphandle kwijenereyitha, oko kukuthi ijenereyitha iba yinjini), amandla angasemva akhusela intshukumo yesaphuli sesekethe ekukhubekeni.Umbane wesigaba esithathu kunye neempawu zangoku zesigaba ezibini kufuneka ziqokelelwe.

Ngenxa yeendlela ezahlukeneyo zamandla aphambili, iijeneretha ezahlukeneyo zinokwenziwa.I-Hydrogenerators inokwenziwa ngamanzi kunye nee turbines.Ngenxa yomthamo ohlukeneyo wedama kunye nokuhla, iijeneretha ze-hydro ezinomthamo ohlukeneyo kunye nesantya zingenziwa.Ukusebenzisa amalahle, i-oyile kunye nezinye izibonelelo, kunye ne-boilers kunye neenjini ze-turbo-steam, iijenereyitha ze-steam turbine zingenziwa, ubukhulu becala iimotor ezinesantya esiphezulu (3000rpm).Kukwakho neejenereyitha ezisebenzisa ilanga, umoya, iathom, i-geothermal, i-tidal kunye ne-bioenergy.Ukongeza, ngenxa yemigaqo yokusebenza eyahlukeneyo yeejeneretha, zahlulwe zaba ziijeneretha ze-DC, iijeneretha ezingafaniyo kunye neejeneretha ezihambelanayo.Iijenereyitha ezinkulu ezisetyenziswa ngokubanzi zijenereyitha ezihambelanayo.