Intsebenziswano yeeJenereyitha

Ukubuyisela umva ugcino lwamandla lukwabizwa ngokuba kukugcinwa kolwalathiso lwamandla.Ngokubanzi, ulwalathiso lwamandla lwe ijenereyitha ifanele ibe lulwalathiso lwejenereyitha ukuya ebhasini, kodwa xa ijenereyitha ilahlekelwa nguzibuthe okanye esinye isizathu, ijenereyitha inokujika ibe ngumsebenzi wemoto, oko kukuthi, ukutsala amandla asebenzayo kwinkqubo.La mandla achaseneyo.Xa amandla aguqukileyo efikelela kwixabiso elithile, intshukumo yogcino lomenzi, okanye isenzo sokubonisa okanye isenzo sokukhubeka.

I-turbogenerator edibeneyo yegridi isebenza njenge-motor synchronous emva kokuba i-valve eyintloko ye-turbine ivaliwe: ithatha amandla asebenzayo kwaye idonsa i-turbine rolling, engathumela amandla asebenzayo kwinkqubo.Ngenxa yokuba ivalve engundoqo ye-injini yomphunga ivaliwe, iblade yomsila weinjini yomphunga ingqubana nomphunga oshiyekileyo kwaye yenze ilahleko yokuqhushumba, yonakaliswe kubushushu obugqithisileyo ngexesha lokusebenza ixesha elide.Iiinjini zegesi nezamanzi zikwangumngcipheko omkhulu kubahambisi bokuqala.Ijenereyitha umva ugcino lwamandla olungundoqo lolondolozo lweinjini yomphunga ekonakaleni.

Ukusetha ubalo lwe-injini yomphunga eguqukileyo yogcino lwamandla kukumisela amandla okusebenza kwePdz kunye nokulibaziseka kwesenzo kugcino.

1. Amandla esenzo se-Pdz seti ye-turbogenerator yamandla entshukumo yogcino lwamandla aguquguqukayo anokubalwa ngokwale fomyula ilandelayo: Pdz=(Krel*P1)/η Pdz- Amandla okusebenza okuguquguqukayo okugcinwa kwamandla e-Krel- ukuthembeka komlinganiso, thatha i-0.8 P1- amandla asetyenzisiweyo nge-injini yomoya ukugcina isantya sokujikeleza okuhambelanayo emva kokuba ivalve engundoqo ivaliwe, ubungakanani balo mandla bunxulumene nolwakhiwo lweinjini yomoya kunye nomthamo, Kwakhona kunxulumene nesakhiwo senkqubo engundoqo yomphunga we-turbogenerator (isakhiwo sombhobho kunye nokuba kukho ukudlula umbhobho, njalo njalo), thatha jikelele 1.5~2% yamandla alinganisiweyo η- ukusebenza kakuhle xa ijenereyitha irhuqa i-turbogenerator ukujikeleza, thatha 0.98~0.99 ngoko: Pdz≈ (1.2~1.6%) PN PN- amandla alinganisiweyo ijenereyitha.Ngokwenza, i-Pdz= ingaba yi-1-1.5% ye-PN.

2. ukulibaziseka kwesenzo sejenereyitha yesenzo sokulibaziseka kwesenzo sokugcinwa kombane, kufuneka kuhambelane nejenereyitha ye-injini yomphunga emva kokuba ivalve engundoqo ivaliwe ivumeleke ukuba isebenze ixesha lokuseta, ixesha elivunyelweyo ngokubanzi yi-10 ~ 15min.Ukubala kunye nokusebenza kubonisa ukuba xa isixokelelwano somphunga we-injini yomphunga unombhobho wokudlula, ixesha elivumelekileyo lokusebenza lide.Ngoko ke, ukuba ukulibaziseka kwesenzo sokulondoloza kumiselwe ngokwexesha elivunyelwe ukuba liqhube emva kokuba ivalve ye-turbine ye-steam ivaliwe, i-5 ~ 10min iyacetyiswa.Emva kwesenzo, isetyenziselwa ukukhupha i-magnetic field.

Ukongeza, ii-turbogenerators ezinkulu ezisebenzayo zisebenzisa ugcino lwamandla angasemva ukuqala inkqubo yohambo lwelophu.Okwangoku, ixesha lesenzo ngokubanzi yi-1 ~ 2s.Ngokubhekiselele kugcino lwamandla aguquliweyo alawulwa yinkqubo, ngenxa yexesha elifutshane lokusebenza, amandla aguqukayo asebenzayo anokuba mancinci kakhulu ngexesha elifutshane kakhulu emva kokuba indawo ephambili yevalve yomphunga ivaliwe ngenxa ye-inertia ye-injini yomoya kunye nejenereyitha. ixabiso elimiselweyo lamandla aguqukileyo akufunekanga libe likhulu kune-1% PN.

Xa ijenereyitha inamandla abuyela umva (amanqaku ombane angaphandle kwijenereyitha, oko kukuthi, ijenereyitha iba yimeko yemoto), umva umsebenzi wokugcinwa kwamandla ombane wohambo lwesekethe.Umbane wesigaba esithathu kunye neempawu zangoku zesigaba ezibini kufuneka ziqokelelwe.Ngenxa yeendlela ezahlukeneyo zamandla aphambili, iijeneretha ezahlukeneyo zinokwenziwa.Ngentsebenziswano yemithombo yamanzi kunye ne-turbine yamanzi, i-hydro-generator inokwenziwa.Ngenxa yokwahlukana kwamandla okugcina amanzi kunye nokuhla kwentloko, ii-hydrogenerators ezinomthamo ohlukeneyo kunye nesantya zingenziwa.Ngokusetyenziswa kwamalahle, i-oyile kunye nezinye izibonelelo, kunye nebhoyili, i-turbine kunye ne-injini ye-steam, i-generator ye-turbine inokwenziwa, eyona nto ininzi i-motor-speed motor (3000rpm).Ukongeza, kukho zonke iintlobo zeejeneretha ezisebenzisa ilanga, umoya, i-athomu, i-geothermal, i-tidal, i-bioenergy kunye namanye amandla.Ukongeza, ngenxa yokuba umgaqo osebenzayo wejeneretha wahlukile, unokwahlulwa ube yi-DC generator, i-asynchronous generator kunye ne-synchronous generator.Iijeneretha ezinkulu ezisetyenziswa ngokubanzi zijenereyitha ezihambelanayo.

I-Dingbo inoluhlu lwasendle lweejenereyitha zedizili: iVolvo / Weichai /Shangcai/Ricardo/Perkins njalo njalo, ukuba ufuna i-pls qhagamshelana nathi

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