Ukusebenzisana Kwamajeneretha

Ukulungiswa kwamandla okubuyela emuva kubizwa nangokuthi ukulungiswa kwesiqondiso samandla.Ngokuvamile, isiqondiso samandla we ijeneretha kufanele kube isiqondiso se-generator ebhasini, kodwa lapho i-generator ilahlekelwa i-magnetism noma esinye isizathu se-generator, i-generator ingase iphenduke ibe yi-motor operation, okungukuthi, idonsa amandla asebenzayo ohlelweni.Lawa amandla aphambene.Uma amandla aphambene efinyelela inani elithile, isenzo sokulungisa i-generator, noma isenzo sokubonisa noma isenzo sokukhubeka.

I-turbogenerator exhunywe kugridi isebenza njenge-synchronous motor ngemva kokuba i-valve eyinhloko ye-turbine ivaliwe: idonsa amandla asebenzayo futhi idonse ukugoqa kwe-turbine, okungathumela amandla asebenzayo ohlelweni.Ngenxa yokuthi i-valve eyinhloko ye-steam turbine ivaliwe, i-blade yomsila we-steam turbine ingqubuzana ne-steam eyinsalela futhi yakhe ukulahlekelwa ukuqhuma, okonakaliswa ukushisa ngokweqile ngesikhathi sokusebenza isikhathi eside.Izinjini zegesi namanzi nazo ziyingozi enkulu kubahambisi abaphambili.Ijeneretha ebuyisela emuva ukugcinwa kwamandla okuyinhloko kwe-steam turbine ekulimaleni.

Ukusetha ukubala kwe-steam turbine ukugcinwa kwamandla aphambene ukunquma amandla okusebenza kwe-Pdz kanye nokubambezeleka kwesenzo T kokulungiswa.

1. Amandla esenzo se-Pdz setha i-turbogenerator yamandla esenzo sokugcina amandla aphambene angabalwa ngokuvumelana nefomula elandelayo: Pdz=(Krel*P1)/η Pdz- Amandla okusebenza okulondoloza amandla aphambene ne-Krel- ukwethenjwa kwe-coefficient, thatha u-0.8 P1- amandla asetshenzisiwe nge-turbine ukuze kugcinwe isivinini sokujikeleza okuvumelanayo ngemva kokuba i-valve eyinhloko ivaliwe, ubukhulu bala mandla buhlobene nesakhiwo se-turbine namandla, Futhi kuhlobene nesakhiwo sesistimu ye-steam eyinhloko ye-turbogenerator (isakhiwo sepayipi nokuthi kukhona yini ukudlula ipayipi, njll.), ngokuvamile ithatha u-1.5~2% wamandla alinganiselwe η- ukusebenza kahle lapho ijeneretha ihudula i-turbogenerator ukuze ijikelezise, ​​ithatha u-0.98~0.99 ukuze: Pdz≈ (1.2~1.6%) PN PN- amandla alinganiselwe we ijeneretha.Empeleni, i-Pdz= ingaba ngu-1-1.5% PN.

2. ukubambezeleka kwesenzo sokubambezeleka kwejeneretha isenzo sokugcinwa kwamandla okuphambene nokubambezeleka, kufanele kuhambisane nejeneretha ye-turbine yesitimu ngemva kokuba ivalvu eyinhloko ivaliwe ivunyelwe ukusebenzisa isikhathi sokusetha, isikhathi esivunyelwe ngokuvamile siyi-10~15min.Ukubala nokusebenza kubonisa ukuthi uma isistimu yesitimu ye-steam turbine inepayipi yokudlula, isikhathi esivumelekile sokusebenza siba side.Ngakho-ke, uma ukubambezeleka kwesenzo sokulungisa kusethwa ngokuya kwesikhathi esivunyelwe ukusebenza ngemuva kokuvalwa kwevalvu eyinhloko ye-steam turbine, 5~10min kuyancomeka.Ngemuva kwesenzo, isetshenziselwa ukukhipha insimu kazibuthe.

Ukwengeza, ama-turbogenerator amakhulu asebenzayo ngokuvamile asebenzisa ukulungiswa kwamandla ahlehlayo ukuze aqale iluphu yohambo lohlelo.Okwamanje, isikhathi sesenzo ngokuvamile singu-1~2s.Ngokuqondene nokugcinwa kwamandla aphambene alawulwa uhlelo, ngenxa yesikhathi esifushane sokusebenza, amandla asebenzayo aphambene angase abe mancane kakhulu ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu ngemva kokuvalwa kwephuzu eliyinhloko le-valve yesitimu ngenxa ye-inertia ye-turbine ne-generator, inani eligxilile lamandla aphambene akufanele libe likhulu kuno-1% PN.

Lapho ijeneretha inamandla ahlehlayo (amaphuzu wamandla angaphandle kujeneretha, okungukuthi, ijeneretha iba yisimo semoto), uhambo lokuhlehla lokulungisa amandla okusebenza kwesekethe.I-voltage yezigaba ezintathu kanye namasignali amanje ezigaba ezimbili kudingeka aqoqwe.Ngenxa yezinhlobo ezahlukene zamandla ayisisekelo, ama-generator ahlukene angenziwa.Ngokubambisana kwemithombo yamanzi kanye ne-turbine yamanzi, i-hydro-generator ingenziwa.Ngenxa yomehluko womthamo we-reservoir kanye nokwehla kwekhanda, ama-hydrogenerators anamandla ahlukene kanye nesivinini angenziwa.Ngokusetshenziswa kwamalahle, uwoyela kanye nezinye izinsiza, kanye ne-boiler, i-turbine ne-steam injini, i-generator ye-turbine ingenziwa, okuyi-motor enesivinini esikhulu (3000rpm).Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona zonke izinhlobo zamajeneretha asebenzisa ilanga, umoya, i-athomu, i-geothermal, i-tidal, i-bioenergy namanye amandla.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yokuthi isimiso sokusebenza se-generator sihlukile, singahlukaniswa sibe yi-DC generator, i-asynchronous generator kanye ne-synchronous generator.Amajeneretha amakhulu asetshenziswa kabanzi amajeneretha ahambisanayo.

I-Dingbo inohlu olusendle lwamajeneretha edizili:Volvo / I-Weichai /Shangcai/Ricardo/Perkins nokunye, uma udinga ama-pls xhumana nathi

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