Yini Ebangela Ukuhlukahluka Kwamandla Asebenzayo Kusethi Ye-generator

Ukushintshashintsha kwamandla okusebenzayo kwesethi yejeneretha kunomthelela omkhulu ekuzinzeni kokusebenza kwesethi yejeneretha.Imajini yokuzinza yokuguquguquka kwamandla asebenzayo wejeneretha ekusebenzeni kwesigaba sekwephuzile kukhulu ngokuqhathaniswa.Lapho i-generator isesigabeni sokusebenza okuholayo, ikakhulukazi ekusebenzeni okuholela esigabeni esijulile, umkhawulo wokuzinza wesethi ye-generator uzoncishiswa kakhulu, okulula ukubangela ukuthi isethi ye-generator ilahlekelwe ukuzinza nohambo, okusongela kakhulu ukusebenza okuphephile kwe-generator. iyunithi kanye negridi yamandla.

Lesi sihloko sihlaziya izizathu zokuguquguquka kwamandla esethi yejeneretha, futhi sithatha izinyathelo ezihlosiwe zokuvimbela ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuzinzile kwesethi yejeneretha.

1. Umthelela wamandla asebenzayo emandleni asebenzayo

Ukuhlaziywa kobudlelwano phakathi kwamandla asebenzayo kanye amandla asebenzayo we-generator

Idivayisi evusa amadlingozi i-generator ihlaziywa ngaphandle kokulungiswa okuzenzakalelayo kuyo yonke inqubo yamandla okuhambisa i-generator prime, futhi opharetha ulungisa kuphela amandla asebenzayo e-generator, okulingana nokugcina amandla e-generator E kanye nokusabela okungaguquki.Amandla asebenzayo namandla e-engeli yejeneretha ayi-sinusoidal, futhi amandla asebenzayo kanye ne-engeli yamandla yi-cosine.

Kufomula, u-E0, u-U ungamandla kajeneretha kanye ne-terminal voltage;I-X1 iwukusabela okuhambisanayo kwejeneretha;δ i-Electromagnetic power angle of generator.

Kuyabonakala ukuthi amandla asebenzayo ayanda, amandla asebenzayo ayancipha.Uma i-engeli ethile yamandla ifinyelelwa, ijeneretha iyashintsha ukusuka ekusebenzeni kwesigaba sekwephuzile ukuya ekusebenzeni kwesigaba sangaphambili, idonsa amandla asebenzayo angenayo ohlelweni.I-engeli yamandla iyanda ngokukhula kokujula kwesigaba, futhi lapho sijula ​​isigaba esiholayo, siba sincane i-excitation current.Ngakho-ke, ukuze ugweme ukuqhubekela phambili kwesigaba sejeneretha, kuyadingeka ukwandisa amandla akhona ngenkathi ukhulisa amandla asebenzayo ejeneretha, ukuze kuncishiswe ukujula kusengaphambili futhi kuqinisekiswe i-voltage ye-terminal engashintshi.

2. Umthelela wokulawulwa kwefrikhwensi yeyunithi, ukulawula ukucindezela kwesiteji kanye nokulawulwa kwamafrikhwensi okuyisisekelo ekuphehleni amandla asebenzayo

1)Ingcindezi yesigaba sokulawula seyunithi isendaweni efanayo nokuguquguquka kwamandla asebenzayo.Emjikelezweni wesikhathi, ingcindezi yesigaba sokulawula seyunithi ingamaminithi angu-20 ngaphambi kokuguquguquka kwamandla asebenzayo.

2)Imvamisa yeyunithi isesigabeni sokuguquguquka kwamandla asebenzayo, futhi ukushintshashintsha kwefrikhwensi yeyunithi kungu-0.1s ngaphambi kokuguquguquka kwamandla asebenzayo kumjikelezo wesikhathi.

3)Ukushintshashintsha kwamandla okusebenzayo kweyunithi kubangelwa isenzo esiyinhloko sokulawula imvamisa.Empeleni, umthethonqubo wokuqala wokuvama usebenza ngesivinini sejeneretha.

Kungahlaziywa ukuthi ukuguqulwa kwesivinini sokuqala se-generator kubangela isenzo esiyinhloko sokulawula imvamisa.Umphumela womyalo wesenzo sokulawula imvamisa oyinhloko uboniswa ekushintsheni kokucindezela kwesiteji sokulawula iyunithi, bese kubonakala ekushintsheni kwefrikhwensi yeyunithi namandla asebenzayo.

3.Ithonya lefrikhwensi yegridi emandleni asebenzayo

Kungabonakala kumdwebo we-waveform ukuthi i-amplitude yokuguquguquka kwefrikhwensi yegridi yamandla incane kakhulu kunesethi yejeneretha, futhi i-periodicity impofu futhi icishe ibe ngokungajwayelekile.Ngakho-ke, umthelela wefrikhwensi yegridi ekuguquguqukeni kwamandla asebenzayo ungasuswa.

Ngokuhlaziywa okungenhla, umthelela wamandla asebenzayo, isistimu yokulawula ukuvusa, imvamisa yenethiwekhi nezinye izici ekuguquguqukeni kwamandla asebenzayo kungaqedwa.Kuphetha ngokuthi ukushintshashintsha kwamandla asebenzayo kwe- isethi yejeneretha esitshalweni kungenxa yokwanda kwejubane lesethi ye-generator, ukulawulwa kwemvamisa okuyisisekelo kusebenza, ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngoba ukuvulwa kwe-valve yokulawula isivinini esikhulu se-steam turbine kusendaweni yokuguquguquka, ijika lesici ekuguquguqukeni. iphuzu alizinzile kakhulu.Lapho ukulawulwa kwamafrikhwensi okuyisisekelo kusebenza, umyalo wokuvula owamukelwe i-valve elawulayo kule ndawo usesimweni sokuthumela.

4.Ukuvimbela kanye nezinyathelo zokulwa

Isethi yejeneretha itholakala ekugcineni kwegridi yamandla, enemigqa ephumayo yesekethe ephindwe kabili kanye nephoyinti elibalulekile lokusekela amandla.Uma kubhekwa ukuncishiswa kwamanje kokusetshenziswa kwamandla ezimbonini, ukuchichima kwamandla asebenzayo egridi yamandla kanye nogesi wesistimu ephezulu, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi kagesi, igridi yamandla izodinga ukuthi iyunithi isebenze ngesigaba, futhi ukusebenza komshini owodwa kunomkhawulo. ikhono lokumunca amandla asebenzayo futhi ulungise i-voltage yesistimu.Ngokuhambisana nokuguquguquka kwamandla okusebenzayo kweyunithi, kwakhiwa izinyathelo zokuvimbela ezilandelayo:

(1) Isimo samanje sokusebenza sinomthelela omkhulu ekuzinzeni kweyunithi.Ohlelweni lwegridi yamandla amakhulu, ukusebenza kwemithetho yesethi yejeneretha kunomkhawulo.Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukuthi umthamo wesigaba esiholayo seyunithi kufanele ufaneleke lapho i-voltage yesistimu iphezulu kakhulu, futhi ukusebenza kwesigaba esiholayo okujulile kufanele kugwenywe ngangokunokwenzeka.

(2) Ngenxa yokulawulwa okungewona umugqa wevalvu elawula isivinini, kunephuzu lokugudluza cishe ku-70% wokuma kwevalvu ephelele.Kuleli qophelo, uma imingcele ehlukahlukene yohlelo lokulawula ishintsha (kuhlanganise nesenzo sokushintsha imvamisa eyinhloko), ukwehlukana kokulawula kungase kubangele kuleli phuzu, okungase kuholele ekuvulekeni kwe-valve elawulayo futhi kuholele ekuguquguqukeni amandla asebenzayo.Ngenxa yalesi simo, isilinganiso samanje siwukugwema iphuzu lokuguquguquka kwe-valve elawulayo.