Diesel Generator Basic Components

Diesel generators can be used as backup power supply for workplaces, families and enterprises, and maintain the operation of key systems in case of power failure. So how does the diesel generator work?

In short, diesel generators work by using engines, alternators and external fuel sources to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy. Modern generators work according to the principle of electromagnetic induction, a term coined by Michael Faraday. At that time, he found that conductors moving in a magnetic field can generate and guide electric charges.

Understanding how generators work can help you identify problems, perform routine maintenance, and select the right generator to meet your specific needs. Today, Dingbo power will gradually introduce the basic components and working principle of diesel generator.

8 Basic components of diesel generators:

Modern diesel generating set vary in size and application, but their internal working principles are roughly the same. The basic components of the generator include:

1.Framework: the framework contains and supports the components of the generator. It allows humans to operate the generator safely and protect it from damage.

2.Engine: the engine provides mechanical energy and converts it into electrical energy output. The size of the engine determines the maximum power output, and it can operate on a variety of fuel types.

3.Alternator: the alternator contains additional components that work together to produce power output. These include stator and rotor, which are responsible for generating rotating magnetic field and AC output.

4.Fuel system: the generator has an additional or external fuel tank to provide fuel for the engine. The oil tank is connected with the oil return pipe through the oil supply pipe, usually containing gasoline or diesel.

5.Exhaust system: diesel and gasoline engines emit exhaust gases containing toxic chemicals. The exhaust system safely manages and processes these gases through pipes made of iron or steel.

6.Voltage regulator: this component is responsible for regulating the voltage output of the generator. When the generator is below its maximum operating level, the voltage regulator starts the cycle of converting AC current into AC voltage. Once the generator reaches its operating capacity, it will enter a balanced state.

7.Battery charger: the generator depends on the battery to start. The battery charger is responsible for maintaining battery charging by providing a floating voltage to each battery.

What's the use of diesel generators?

Diesel generators are used for industrial and commercial purposes. They are most commonly used as backup power supply in case of power failure or power failure, but they can also be used as common power supply for buildings or construction sites off the grid.

Standby diesel generator is the most commonly used type of standby power supply in enterprises, construction sites and medical facilities. These generators are connected to the electrical system of the building and start automatically in case of power failure. Once installed, they are permanent fixtures, and their tanks are usually large enough to provide power for a few days before refilling is required.

Compared with the standby model, the mobile trailer diesel generator is easier to move, so it is very suitable for supplying power to electrical appliances, travel equipment and construction equipment on the site. They are available in a variety of sizes and power options for different applications, and mobile trailer diesel generators can also power the entire building.

Control panel: the control panel is located outside the generator and contains multiple instruments and switches. Functions vary from generator to generator, but the control panel usually includes starter, engine control instrument and frequency switch.

How do diesel generators generate electricity?

The generator does not actually generate electricity. Instead, they convert mechanical energy into electrical energy. The process can be broken down into the following steps:

Step 1: the engine uses diesel to generate mechanical energy.

Step 2: the alternator uses the mechanical energy generated by the engine to push the charge in the generator wiring through the circuit.

Step 3: motion generates motion between the magnetic field and the electric field. In this process, the rotor will generate a moving magnetic field around the stator, which contains fixed electrical conductors.

Step 4: the rotor converts DC current into AC voltage output.

Step 5: the generator supplies this current to the electrical system of appliances, tools or buildings.

Advantages of modern diesel generators

Diesel generators have existed for decades, but technology is developing to make them more efficient and reliable. Modern generators now have a variety of new features and functions.

Portability

Technological advances usually lead to more compact components, and diesel generators are no exception. Smaller, more efficient batteries and engines enable portable generators to handle longer operating times and higher power output. Even some industrial diesel generators are towed and can be transported from one place to another.

High power output

Although not everyone needs high power output, enterprises and large construction sites usually need more power from generators. The capacity of modern diesel generators can reach 3000 kW or higher. The largest and most powerful generators usually still need diesel to operate, but this may change as technology advances.

Noise reduction function

The larger the diesel generator, the more noise it produces. In order to reduce noise pollution, manufacturers have begun to add high-quality noise reduction functions to their products. If your diesel generator is not equipped with this function, you can buy a static speaker to reduce noise.